Traditionally teeth were restored using amalgam (silver), gold, and porcelain materials. These traditional dental materials continue to be used especially in situations requiring strength and durability.  These materials can help teeth withstand extreme forces that result from chewing, especially in the back of the mouth.

Newer dental fillings include plastic and ceramic materials that mimic the appearance of natural teeth. These materials, also known as composite resins, are often used on the front teeth where a natural appearance is important. In recent years, they have been improved so that they can be utilized on the back teeth as well, depending on the location and extent of the tooth decay. Composite resins are usually more costly than the older silver amalgam fillings.